Abstract
The energy and transport transition will require a wider volume and range of materials than the systems that it is replacing. This has become an increasingly important topic across both the government and private sectors over the last decade. A crucial component of this materiality is the quantum of minerals required to produce the lithium-ion batteries projected to be needed to power the global electric vehicle (EV) fleet, which is anticipated to be a crucial part of the decarbonization of the global transport sector. These batteries require differing amounts of minerals such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron, and phosphate, depending on the battery chemistry employed, and this, in turn, defines the energy density and performance of the battery.
